THE USE BY THE STATE FORCE ORGANS OF THE INTELLIGENCE AND INFORMATION NETWORK DURING THE STRUGGLE AGAINST THE UNDERGROUND IN THE CARPATHIAN AREA OF THE OUN (1945 – 1954)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058x.3.101044Keywords:
intelligence and information network, Ukrainian liberation movement of the OUN Carpathian regionAbstract
Along with operations conducted by the military and extraordinary committee members aimed to do away with the OUN, the state punitive organs began the work of intelligence agents directed to create of an information agents apparatus, as well as to form special fighting groups. Special agents fulfilled also other functions, disrupting the unity of the nationalist organizations from inside was among them. It is noteworthy, that it was that method of fighting agents which was used most frequently.
In order to increase ability to work the punitive organs conducted special training of intelligence agents, whose principal task was to supply qualified cadres. The Soviet repressive-punitive system used to enact various categories of agents depending on their functional duties (agent-fighter, external agent, internal agent, twin agent, agent-signaller, route agent, agent-propagandist, agent-raider, informer, agent «empowered to act for somebody», etc.
Capable for work and valuable agents were acquired by means of secret capture of the OUN members during operations and local recruiting. Besides, agents were enlisted from-among members of former clandestine groups and orderlies of the OUN with legal residence, who worked at factories and other industrial establishments. The recruiting process took a long time and consisted of several stages. The strength of Soviet secret service was considerable. Against every OUN’s unit (whether sectional, district, supra-district, regional, or areal) and every UPA department the intelligence cooked up charges, and later, after the necessary persons were liquidated, the cases were closed lest new or renewed units were found out for what reason new cases were opened (predominantly, under corresponding other titles). However, the expectations of the Soviet power for quick and complete destruction of the liberation movement failed. Therefore, agent work became distributed in all possible forms. As a rule, in the complex of anti-nationalistic operations to agent training the central place was dedicated. It is remarkable, that the aforementioned fighting means proved very – or even very much – effective.References
Burds J. Agentura: Soviet Informants Networks and the Ukrainian Rebel Underground inGalicia1944–1948 / Jeffrey Burds // Eastern European Policy and Society (EEPS). – Vol. 1. – Number 1 (winter 1997). – P. 119–120.
BilasI.Represyvno-karalna systema v Ukraini 1917 – 1953. Suspilno-politychnyi ta istoryko-pravovyi analiz. U dvokh knyhakh / I. Bilas. – K.: Lybid – Viisko Ukrainy, 1994. – Kn. 1. – 432 s.
BilasI.Represyvno-karalna systema v Ukraini 1917 – 1953: suspilno-politychnyi ta istorychnyi analiz. U dvokh knyhakh / Ivan Bilas. – K.: Lybid; Viisko Ukrainy, 1994. – Knyha druha: Dokumenty ta materialy. – 688 s.
Burds D. «Moskalky»: zhenshchynы-ahentы y natsyonalystycheskoe podpole na Zapadnoi Ukrayne, 1944 – 1948 / D. Burds. – [Elektronnyi resurs]. – Rezhym dostupu: URL: http://www.history.neu.edu/fac/burds/Burds- Moskalki.pdf (15.11.2004). – Nazva ekranu.
Viedienieiev D. Dvobii bez kompromisiv. Protyborstvo spetspidrozdiliv OUN ta radianskykh syl spetsoperatsii. 1945 – 1980-ti roky: Monohrafiia / Dmytro Viedienieiev, Hennadii Bystrukhin. – K.: K.I.S., 2007. – 568 s.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 106 (1954). – Spr. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 106 (1954). – Spr. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 110 (1954). – Spr. 2. – T. 5.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 110 (1954). – Spr. 2. – T. 8.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 35 (1960). – Spr. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 35 (1960). – Spr. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 36 (1960). – Spr. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 36 (1960). – Spr. 3.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 39 (1960). – Spr. 9.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 55 (1953). – Spr. 12.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 55 (1953). – Spr. 5. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 55 (1953). – Spr. 6. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 56 (1953). – Spr. 4. – T. 3.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 56 (1953). – Spr. 6. – T. 4.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 56 (1953). – Spr. 6. – T. 5.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 57 (1953). – Spr. 1. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 57 (1953). – Spr. 1. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 58 (1953). – Spr. 2. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 59 (1953). – Spr. 6. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 59 (1953). – Spr. 7. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 60 (1953). – Spr. 16.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 60 (1953). – Spr. 3. – T. 6.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 60 (1953). – Spr. 4. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 70 (1953). – Spr. 6. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 75 (1953). – Spr. 3.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 75 (1953). – Spr. 4.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 75 (1953). – Spr. 5.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 89 (1951). – Spr. 47.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 90 (1951). – Spr. 62.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 90 (1951). – Spr. 64.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 90 (1951). – Spr. 66.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 93 (1954). – Spr. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 98 (1954). – Spr. 1. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 98 (1954). – Spr. 14.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 98 (1954). – Spr. 18. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 98 (1954). – Spr. 7.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 99 (1954). – Spr. 2. – T. 1.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 99 (1954). – Spr. 2. – T. 6.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 99 (1954). – Spr. 8. – T. 2.
HDA SBU. – F. 2-N. – Op. 99 (1954). – Spr. 8. – T. 3.
HDA SBU. – F. 3. – Op. 246 (1953). – Spr. 4.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 22.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 23.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 55.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 56.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 63.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 72.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 77.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 83.
HDA SBU. – F. 13. – Spr. 372. – T. 90.
HDA SBU. – F. 16. – Op. 7. – Spr. 4. – T. 13.
HDA SBU. – F. 71. – Op. 6. – Spr. 180.
HDA SBU. – F. 71. – Op. 6. – Spr. 278.
HDA SBU. – F. 71. – Op. 6. – Spr. 48.
HDA SBU. – F. 71. – Op. 6. – Spr. 88.
HDA SBU. – F. 71. – Op. 10. – Spr. 24.
DALO. – F. P-5001. – Op. 6. – Spr. 58.
DALO. – F. P-5001. – Op. 8. – Spr. 261.
Ilnytskyi V. Osnovni formy spivpratsi ukrainskoho vyzvolnoho rukhu z riznymy sotsialnymy hrupamy naselennia u Karpatskomu krai OUN / V. Ilnytskyi // Skhidnoievropeiskyi istorychnyi visnyk / [holovnyi redaktor V. Ilnytskyi]. – Drohobych: Posvit, 2017. – Vyp. 2. – S. 31–49.
Kentii A. V. Ukrainska povstanska armiia v 1944 – 1945 rr. / A. V. Kentii. – K.: Instytut istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy, 1999. – 220 s.
Kyrychuk Yu. Narysy z istorii ukrainskoho natsionalno-vyzvolnoho rukhu 40–50-kh rokiv KhKh stolittia / Yu. Kyrychuk. – Lviv: LDU imeni Ivana Franka, 2000. – 304 s.
Kyrychuk Yu. Ukrainskyi natsionalnyi rukh 40–50-kh rokiv XX stolittia: ideolohiia ta praktyka / Yu. Kyrychuk. – Lviv: Dobra sprava, 2003. – 464 s.
Litopys Ukrainskoi Povstanskoi Armii. – T. 43: Borotba z ahenturoiu: Protokoly dopytiv Sluzhby bezpeky OUN v Ternopilshchyni. 1946 – 1948 / [vidp. red. Petro Potichnyi]. –Toronto; Lviv: Litopys UPA, 2006. – Kn. 1. – 1132 s.
Litopys Ukrainskoi Povstanskoi Armii. Nova seriia. – T. 5: Borotba proty UPA i natsionalistychnoho pidpillia: informatsiini dokumenty TsK KP(b)U, obkomiv partii, NKVS-MVS, MDB-KDB (1943 – 1959) / [uporiad. Anatolii Kentii, Volodymyr Lozytskyi, Iryna Pavlenko]. – K.;Toronto: Litopys UPA, 2002. – Kn. 2: 1946 – 1947. – 572 s.
Metody borotby bolshevykiv z namy y nasha protydiia (Sanitarna opika. 1.1.[19]47) // Arkhiv TsDVR. – F. 9. – 7 ark.
Naumenko K. Karalno-represyvna systema SRSR yak holovnyi instrument radianizatsii Lvivshchyny (1944 – 1953) / Kim Naumenko // Reabilitovani istoriieiu. U dvadtsiaty semy tomakh. Lvivska oblast. – Lviv : Astroliabiia, 2009. – Kn. 1. – S. 596–609.
Rusnachenko A. M. Narod zburenyi: Natsionalno-vyzvolnyi rukh v Ukraini y natsionalni rukhy oporu v Bilorusii, Lytvi, Latvii, Estonii u 1940 – 50-kh rokakh / A. M. Rusnachenko. – K.: Universytetske vydavnytstvo «Pulsary», 2002. – 519 s.
Serhiichuk V. Desiat buremnykh lit. Zakhidnoukrainski zemli u 1944 – 1953 rr.Novidokumenty i materialy / Volodymyr Serhiichuk. – K.: Dnipro, 1998. – 944 s.
Serhiichuk V. OUN-UPA v roky viiny.Novidokumenty i materialy / Volodymyr Serhiichuk. – K.: Dnipro, 1996. – 496 s.
Serhiichuk V. Tavruiuchy vyzvolnyi prapor. Diialnist ahentury ta spetsboivok NKVS-NKDB pid vyhliadom OUN-UPA. Vydannia druhe, dopovnene / Volodymyr Serhiichuk. – K.: PP Serhiichuk M.I., 2006. – 184 s.
Serhiichuk V. Ukrainskyi zdvyh: Prykarpattia. 1939 – 1955 rr. / Volodymyr Serhiichuk. – Kyiv: Ukrainska Vydavnycha Spilka, 2005. – 840 s.
Starodubets H. Proiavy seksotnytstva u povstanskomu zapilli v 1944 – 1945 rr. / H. Starodubets // Mandrivets. – 2006. – Vyp. 1(60). – S. 19–22.
Ukrainskyi natsionalno-vyzvolnyi rukh na Prykarpatti v KhKh stolitti. Dokumenty i materialy / [vidp. red. prof. Mykola Kuhutiak]. – T. 2. – Ivano-Frankivsk : KPF «LIK», 2009. – Kn. 1 : 1939 – 1945. – 600 s.
TsDAVO Ukrainy. – F. 3833. – Op. 1. – Spr. 126.
Shapoval Yu. Viina pislia viiny / Yu. Shapoval // Litopys UPA. Nova seriia. – T. 3: Borotba proty UPA i natsionalistychnoho pidpillia: dyrektyvni dokumenty TsK Kompartii Ukrainy. 1943–1959. – Kyiv–Toronto, 2001. – S. 9–40.
