PRIVATIZATION IN UKRAINE (1991 – 2004): FEATURES AND RESULTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.32.311500Keywords:
privatization, enterprises, certificates, rent, power.Abstract
The purpose of the research is to determine the features and results of privatization in Ukraine during the first decade of independence. The research methodology involves using various tools to achieve the purpose. The use of comparative time (vertical section) research made it possible to identify the peculiarities of privatization at each of its stages. The principle of dynamics contributed to the identification of changes in quantitative and qualitative parameters in the process of privatization during each historical period. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time in the scientific discourse, the privatization process with its features and results in Ukraine during the decade of independence is defined, taking into account the political component of the corresponding stage of state formation. The Conclusions. During the first period (1992 – 1994) the process of privatization was rather complicated and controversial, which reflected the indecision of the political elite and the president himself to act in the direction of such changes. Although privatization began in 1992, the authorities have not yet decided how massive it should become on a national scale. Therefore, during this period, it was allowed to rent state-owned enterprises and carry out their activities there, primarily by the former management and their labour teams. After the change of power in 1994, the new president and his government began to implement mass privatization for the entire people by providing them with certificates (vouchers) actively. During the second term of office, especially during the period of 2000 – 2004, the president facilitated the privatization of large strategic state-owned enterprises by the young bourgeoisie, mainly those that were particularly close to him. In this way, the formation and final crystallization of financial and industrial circles in Ukraine took place, which later exerted a significant influence on political and economic processes in the state.
References
Danylenko, V. & Kotsur, V. (2021). Ukrainska nezalezhnist yak istorychna nemynuchist [Ukrainian independence as a historical inevitability]. Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian Historical Journal, 4 (559), 4–22. DOI: 10.15407/uhj2021.04.004 [in Ukrainian]
Dekret. (1993). Dekret Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy “Pro pryvatyzatsiiu tsilisnykh mainovykh kompleksiv derzhavnykh pidpryiemstv ta yikhnikh strukturnykh pidrozdiliv, zdanykh v orendu” [Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On the privatization of integral property complexes of state-owned enterprises and their structural subdivisions leased”]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy (VVR), 30, 337. [in Ukrainian]
Derzhavna. (2000). Derzhavna prohrama pryvatyzatsii na 2000 – 2002 roky [State privatization program for 2000 – 2002]. Fond derzhavnoho maina Ukrainy. URL: https://spfu.gov.ua/documents/1325.html [in Ukrainian]
Derzhavotvorchyi. (2007). Derzhavotvorchyi protses v Ukraini 1991 – 2006 [State-building process in Ukraine 1991 – 2006] / Eds. V. Smolii, Yu. Levenets, M. Popovych, Yu. Shemshuchenko, etc. Kyiv: “Naukova dumka”. [in Ukrainian]
Halchynskyi, A. (2013). Notatky radnyka Prezydenta. Desiat rokiv z Prezydentom Leonidom Kuchmoiu [Notes of the President’s adviser. Ten years with President Leonid Kuchma]. Kyiv: “Lybid”. [in Ukrainian]
Havrylyshyn, O. & Makhettyhen, D. (2000). Pryvatyzatsyia v stranakh s perekhodnoi ekonomykoi: vuborochnui obzor lyteraturu [Privatization in countries with economies in transition: a selective review of the literature]. URL: http://www.research.by/webroot/delivery/files/ecowest/2000n3r07.pdf [in Russian]
Hrytsak, Ya. (2022). Narys istorii Ukrainy. Formuvannia modernoi natsii XIX – XX stolittia [Essay on the history of Ukraine. Formation of a modern nation of the 19th and 20th centuries]. Kyiv: Yakaboo Publishing. [in Ukrainian]
Istorychna. (2021). Istorychna dovidka [Historical reference]. Fond derzhavnoho maina Ukrainy. URL: https://www.spfu.gov.ua/ua/regions/luhansk/region-history.html [in Ukrainian]
Koshyk, O., Lehinkova, N. & Fabryka, I. (2011). Pryvatyzatsiia v Ukraini: ideolohiia, realizatsiia, problemy [Privatization in Ukraine: ideology, implementation, problems]. Naukovi pratsi Kirovohradskoho natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu. Ekonomichni nauky – Scientific works of the Kirovohrad National Technical University. Economic sciences, 20 (1), 71–81. [in Ukrainian]
Kramarenko, G. & Chorna, O. (2013). Sutnist, prychyny i tendentsii pryvatyzatsii v konteksti hlobalnoho ekonomichnoho zrostannia: instytutsiinyi aspekt [Nature, causes and trends of privatization in the context of global economic growth: institutional aspects]. Academy Review, (39), 13–20. [in Ukrainian]
Kulchytskyi, S. (2011). Pryvatyzatsiia [Privatization]. URL: http://www.history.org.ua/?termin =Pryvatyzatsiia [in Ukrainian]
Ledomska, S. & Kartsev, V. (2001). Pidsumky sertyfikatnoi pryvatyzatsii v Ukraini (1995 – 2000 rr.) [Results of certificated privatization in Ukraine (1995 – 2000)]. Ekonomika Ukrainy – Economy of Ukraine, 5, 14–22. [in Ukrainian]
Nohinova, N. (2014). Pryvatyzatsiia v Ukraini: upushchennia, dosiahnennia i perspektyvy [Privatization in Ukraine: omissions, achievements and prospects]. Efektyvna ekonomika – Efficient economy, (1). URL: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=2722 [in Ukrainian]
Padalka, S. (2011). Ukrainska pryvatyzatsiia u systemi vidnosyn: vlada – suspilstvo – indyvid (1991 – 2011 rr.) [Ukrainian privatization in the system of relations: government – society – individual (1991 – 2011)]. Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian Historical Journal, 4 (499), 77–92. [in Ukrainian]
Padalka, S. (2013). Zminy u chyselnosti, ekonomichnii povedintsi, potrebakh ta tsinnostiakh selian Ukrainy (1990 – 2000-ni rr.) [Changes in the number, economic behavior, needs and values of Ukrainian peasants (1990 – 2000)]. Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian Historical Journal, 4 (511), 48–62. [in Ukrainian]
Palladin, A. (2017). An institutional framework for economic development in Ukraine. Academy Review, 1 (46), 99–107. DOI: 10.32342/2074-5354-2017-1-46-11 [in English]
Paskhaver, O., Verkhovoda, L., Voronkova, T. & Tereshchenko, N. (2003). Zavershalnyi etap pryvatyzatsii v Ukraini [The final stage of privatization in Ukraine]. Kyiv: “Millenium” [in Ukrainian]
Paskhaver, O., Verkhovodova, L. & Aheieva, K. (2006). Pryvatyzatsiia ta repryvatyzatsiia v Ukraini pislia “pomaranchevoi” revoliutsii [Privatization and re-privatization in Ukraine after the “Orange” revolution]. Кyiv: Milenium. [in Ukrainian]
Ukraina. (2007). Ukraina: politychna istoriia. XX – pochatok XXI st. [Ukraine: political history. 20th – beginning of the 21st century]. Ed. council: V. M. Lytvyn (head), etc. Eds.: V. A. Smolii, Yu. A. Levenets, etc. Kyiv: “Parlamentske vydavnytstvo”. [in Ukrainian]
Vorona, V. (2005). Instytut sotsiolohii NAN Ukrainy [Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy [Encyclopedia of the history of Ukraine]: Vol. 3: E-Y / Eds.: V. A. Smolii (head), etc. Kyiv: “Naukova dumka”. [in Ukrainian]
Zadoya, A. (2012). Deindustrializatsyia v Ukraine: “dvadtsat let spustia” [Deindustrialization in Ukraine: “twenty years later”]. Academy Review, 1 (36), 26–35. [in Russian]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
