TAX REGISTER OF DROHOBYCH POVIT IN 1511
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.28.287555Abstract
The purpose of the research is to analyze and publish the tax register of Drohobych povit (district) of 1511 as a historical source. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and source science methods, in particular the method of internal criticism of sources, as well as on archeography requirements. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time the analysis of the tax register of Drohobych povit of 1511 as a historical source. The Conclusion. Thus, the 1511 tax register of Przemyśl and Sianok lands is kept in the Central Archive of Ancient Acts in Warsaw. It was included in the so-called “Księgi Poborowej”, which also contains other levy registers and fiscal reporting documents for the period from 1501 to 1589. The publishing of this document is connected with the attacks of the Tatars and the Vlachs (the Moldavians), which prompted the Polish royal authorities to collect taxes for the military protection of the territories under their control. In view of this, on February 7, 1511, the General Sejm in Piotrków approved the collection of the state levy (“contributio publicarum”), which, in fact, was a continuation of the “contribution” levy (“contributio fertonum”), but it was to be collected for two years. In the Ruthenian Voivodeship the collector of this tax was the nobleman Dobeslaw Chmielecki. During the levy collection, a written record was made of its size and economic “units” that acted as payers: lans (peasant farms that were located on such a conventional unit of land measurement as a yard (lan), which occupied from 22 to 40 or more hectares of arable land and meadow), mills, inns, parishes. From the tax register it becomes known that there were 40 villages in Drohobych povit, in addition to the suburbs of Drohobych. They occupied 328 lans and a half-lan (of which royal – 150 lans, noble – 178 and a half-lan). At that time, 12 inns operated on the territory of the povit, among them one inn-brewery. In the register of 1511, 15 mills were recorded, of which 8 were also mills (foliushi), as well as 25 parishes, which gives reason to state about the existence of the same number of Orthodox parishes of the Przemyśl Diocese of the Kyiv Orthodox Metropolis. In 1511 the total amount of taxes collected from the settlements of Drohobych povit amounted to more than 164 marks (hryvnias).
Key words: tax register, Przemyśl land, Drohobych povit, Dobeslaw Chmielecki, yard (lan), inn,
mill, parish.
References
Balzer, O. (Ed.) (1906). Księgi prawa polskiego. Dział pierwszy: przywileje, statuty, konstytucye, edykty, dekrety, mandaty koronne. T. 3. 1506 – 1522 [Books of Polish Law. Section One: Privileges, Statutes, Constitutions, Edicts, Decrees, Crown Mandates. Vol. 3. 1506 – 1522]. Kraków. [in Polish]
Budziński, Z. & Przyboś, K. (Ed.). (1997a). Polska południowo-wschodnia w epoce nowoźytnej. Źrodła dziejowe. T. I, Cz. 1: Rejestr poborowy ziemi przemyskiej z 1628 roku [Southeastern Poland in the Modern Era. Historical Sources. Vol. I, Part 1: Conscription Register of the Przemyśl Land from 1628]. Rzeszów: Wyd-wo WSP. [in Polish]
Budziński, Z. & Przyboś, K. (Ed.). (1997b). Polska południowo-wschodnia w epoce nowoźytnej. Źrodła dziejowe. T. I, Cz. 2: Rejestr poborowy ziemi przemyskiej z 1651 roku [Southeastern Poland in the Modern Era. Historical Sources. Vol. I, Part 2: Conscription Register of the Przemyśl Land from 1651]. Rzeszów: Wyd-wo WSP. [in Polish]
Budziński, Z. & Przyboś, K. (Ed.). (2000a). Polska południowo-wschodnia w epoce nowoźytnej. Źrodła dziejowe. T. I, Cz. 3: Rejestr poborowy ziemi przemyskiej z 1658 roku [Southeastern Poland in the Modern Era. Historical Sources. Vol. I, Part 3: Conscription Register of the Przemyśl Land from 1658]. Rzeszów: Wyd-wo WSP. [in Polish]
Budziński, Z. & Przyboś, K. (Ed.). (2000b). Polska południowo-wschodnia w epoce nowoźytnej. Źrodła dziejowe. T. I, Cz. 4: Rejestr poglównego ziemi przemyskiej z 1674 roku [Southeastern Poland in the Modern Era. Historical Sources. Vol. I, Part 4: Conscription Register of the Przemyśl Land from 1674]. Rzeszów: Wyd-wo WSP. [in Polish]
Budzyński, Z. (1990). Sieć parafialna prawosławnej diecezji przemyskiej na przełomi XV i XVI wieku. Próba rekonstrukcji na podstawie rejestrów podatkowych ziemi przemyskiej i sanockiej [Parish Network of the Orthodox Diocese of Przemyśl at the Turn of the 15th and 16th Centuries. An Attempt at Reconstruction Based on Tax Registers of the Przemyśl and Sanok Lands]. In Polska – Ukraina: 1000 lat sąsiedztwa. T. 1. Studia z dziejów chrześcijanstwa na pograniczu etnicznym / Pod redakcią S. Stępnia, (pp. 135–155). Przemyśl. [in Polish]
Butkiewicz, M. (1997). Wartość rejestrów poborowych do badań społeczno-gospodarczych drobnej szlachty w XVI – XVII wieku (na przykładzie materiału źródłowego dotyczącego powiatu tykocińskiego) [The Value of Conscription Registers for Socio-Economic Research of the Minor Nobility in the 16th – 17th Centuries (based on the example of source material regarding the Tykocin district)]. Studia Podlaskie, VII, 127–145. [in Polish]
Chmielecki. (1937). Chmielecki Dobiesław h. Bończa [Chmielecki Dobiesław h. Bończa]. Polski słownik Biograficzny, (vol. III, pp. 316–317). Kraków.
Górska, K. (1957). Przyczynek do krytyki rejestrów poborowych z XVI wieku [A Contribution to the Criticism of Tax Registers From the 16th Century]. Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes, 1, 185–190. [in Polish]
Haliv, M. & Smutok, L. (2014). Drohobytskyi povit za poborovym reiestrom Peremyshlskoi i Sianotskoi zemel 1507 r. [Drohobych Povit According to the Tax Register of the Przemysl and Syanok Lands in 1507]. Drohobytskyi kraieznavchyi zbirnyk, XVII, 441–451. [in Ukrainian]
Jabłonowski, A. (Comps.). (1902). Źródła dziejowe. Т. XVIII. Cz. 1: Polska XVI wieku pod względem geograficzno-statystychnym (T. VII. Cz. 1: Ziemie ruskie. Ruś Czerwona) [Historical Sources. Vol. XVIII. Part 1: Poland of the 16th Century in Terms of Geography and Statistics (Vol. VII. Part 1: Rus’ Lands. Red Ruthenia)]. Warszawa. [in Polish]
Krypiakevych, I. (1939). Spys halytskykh parokhii ХІІ – ХVІ st. Studii semynara dlia istorii Skhodu u filosofichnomu viddili Hr.-kat. Bohoslovskoi akademii u Lvovi [List of Galician Parishes of the 12th – 16th Centuries. Studies of the Seminar for the History of the East in the Philosophical Department of Gr.-Cat. Theological Academy in Lviv]. Lviv: Vydaie Hr.-kat. Bohosl. Akademiia u Lvovi. [in Ukrainian]
Niemczyk, K. (2017). Chodeccy a wyprawa mołdawska z 1509 roku [The Chodecki Family and the Moldavian Expedition of 1509]. Balcanica Posnaniensia, 24, 31–44. [in Polish]
Smereka, B. (2015). Reiestry poborovoho podatku u Polskomu Korolivstvi: protses zboru podatku ta informatyvnist dokumentiv (na prykladi poborovoho reiestru Lvivskoi zemli Ruskoho voievodstva 1552 r.) [Levies Registers in the Polish Kingdom: the Process of Tax Collection and Information Value of the Documents (case study of the levies register of Lviv land of Rus province in 1552)]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia knyhoznavcha, 10, 132–144. [in Ukrainian]
Smutok, I. & Tymoshenko, L. (2002). Drohobytske starostvo v aktakh liustratsii Ruskoho voievodstva 1765 roku [Drohobych Starostvo in Acts of Lustration of the Rus’ Voivodeship in 1765]. Drohobytskyi kraieznavchyi zbirnyk, VI, 473–511. [in Ukrainian]
Smutok, I. & Tymoshenko, L. (2006). Inventar Drohobytskoho starostva 1568 r. [Inventory of the Drohobych Starostvo in 1568]. Drohobytskyi kraieznavchyi zbirnyk, X, 519–570. [in Ukrainian]
Smutok, I. & Tymoshenko, L. (2008). Liustratsiia Drohobytskoho starostva 1621 r. [Lustration of the Drohobytsky Starostvo in 1621]. Drohobytskyi kraieznavchyi zbirnyk, XI – XII, 452–466. [in Ukrainian]
Walawender, A. (1935). Kronika kłęsk elementarnych w Polsce i w krajach sąsiednich w latach 1450 – 1586. Cz.: Zniszczenia wojenne i pożary (z wykresami) [Chronicle of Natural Disasters in Poland and Neighboring Countries in the Years 1450 – 1586. Part: War Damage and Fires (with charts)]. Lwów. [in Polish]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
