MODERN SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO HISTORICAL, HISTORICAL AND LEGAL METHODOLOGY: COINCIDENCES AND PARALLELS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.22.253749Abstract
The purpose of the research is to determine the characteristics of the methodology of modern historical science, the history of state and law, to increase the level of methodological effectiveness of scientific studies, in particular, on the history of state and law. The basis of the research methodology is the idea of historical science as a system of knowledge about the laws of a human development in the past, and the historical methodology – as a system of cognitive approaches, principles, methods aimed at identifying historical patterns. At the same time, legal science is understood as a system of knowledge about legal laws, methods and means of constructing legal reality organized by means of cognitive methodology, and its method – as a way (system of techniques) of knowledge with the help of which, the legal laws are revealed. Owing to methodological basis that allowed characterizing the historical and legal method, defining it, establishing the basic techniques that are part of it. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time in Ukraine through the prism of modern understanding of historical science and legal science, scientific methodology the composition of historical and legal method has been singled out, its definition has been formulated, problems of modern historical and legal methodology have been revealed and possible ways of their solution have been offered. The Conclusions. The analysis of scientific works on historical issues allows us to state that in historical science there has been formed an understanding of its essence and content, determined the methodology of historical research. But there are no clear ideas about the science of history of state and law, its methodology, historical and legal method of knowledge. The nature of this science, which has a cross-sectoral nature, its methodology, as well as its relationship with historical science has not been determined. This can lead to a number of problems, such as: identification of methods: historical and historical and legal; substitution of concepts; creation of “methodological catalogs” in legal studies, which do not allow to obtain objective knowledge about state and legal phenomena. And it, in turn, can generate a simplified understanding of historical and legal laws, their substitution, the fragmentary nature of their justification, the subjective interpretation of historical sources. The article focuses on the recognition of the leading role of the historical and legal method in retrospective studies of state and legal phenomena. The historical legal method is considered as a system of methods of cognition of state and legal phenomena of the past, identification of patterns of their functioning and development under specific conditions of the reconstructed period. First of all, the following methods should be included: collection and analysis of data on state and legal phenomena, in particular, criticism of sources (including analysis of documents, interpretation of their content, description); generalization; universal hypothesis; inductive, evolutionary; teleological; methods of reconstruction. Such kind of step will help to avoid the identification between the methods that are the part of the historical legal method and its varieties (historical legal, comparative, typological, etc.), substitution of the historical legal method by other general or special legal methods, as well as “terminological revision” of the conceptual apparatus (means of cognition). Owing to the point of view, which makes it possible to form a clearer idea of the suitability and limits of application of the conceptual historical and legal apparatus to the specific conditions of the reconstructed period, enrich the science of state history and law with effective methodological achievements.
Key words: historical science, methodology of historical science, science of history of state and law, history of state and law of Ukraine, historical and legal method.
References
Buchley, P. J. (2016). Historical Research Approaches to the Analysis of Internationalisation. ManagIntRev, 56, 879–900. URL:https://doi.org/10.1007/s 11575-016-0300-0. [in English]
Dolhoruchenko, K. (2019). Istoryko-pravovyipidkhid u metodolohii doslidzhennia diialnosti spetsviddilu “Vineta” Ministerstva prosvity i propahandy Raikhu na okupovanykh ukrainskykh terytoriiakh [Historical and legal approach in the methodology of research of the special department “Vineta” of the Ministry of Education and Reich propaganda in the occupied Ukrainian territories]. Yurydychnyi Visnyk, 4, 161–166. [in Ukrainian]
Drach, O. O. (2014). Suchasni istoryko-osvitni doslidzhennia: tradytsii ta novatsii metodolohii [Current historical and educational achievements: traditions and innovations in methodology]. Visnyk Cherkaskoho universytetu. Seriia: Istorychni nauky, 9 (312), 47–55. [in Ukrainian]
Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy. (2003–2021) [Encyclopedia of the history of Ukraine]. (Vols. 1‒12). Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]
Hetman, O. M. (2006). Teoretyko-metodolohichni problem istoryko-pravovoi nauky v pratsiakh ukrainskykh vchenykh XIX – pochatku XX storichchia [Theoretical and methodological problems of historical and legal science in the works of Ukrainian scientists of the XIX ‒ early XX centuries]. (Extended abstract of Candidates thesis). Odesa. 20 p. [in Ukrainian]
Janet Toland Pak Yoong. (2011). An Exploration of Historical methods for Information Systems Research. Conference, Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems, PACIS 2011: Quality Research in Pacific Asia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. URL: https//www.researchegate.net//publication/221229203_An_Exploration_of_Historical_methods_For_Information_Systems_Research.[in English]
Kolesnyk, I. (2013). Ukrainska istoriohrafiia: kontseptualna istoriia [Ukrainian historiography: conceptual history]. Kyiv: Instytut istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy, 566 p. [in Ukrainian]
Kovalchenko, I. D. (2003). Metody istoricheskogo issledovanyia. Otdelenye istoriko-filologicheskykh nauk [Methods of historical research]. Moskva: Nauka, 486 p. [in Russian]
Kovalchuk, V. & Farion, M. (2013). Istorychnyi metod ekonomichnykh doslidzhen ta “stara” istorychna shkola [Historical method of economical income and the “old” historical school]. Visnyk TNEU, 3, 69–76. [in Ukrainian]
Kresin, O. V. (2017). Stanovlennia teoretychnykh zasad porivnialno-pravovykh doslidzhen u druhii polovyni XVIII – pershii tretyni XIX stolittia: komparatyvna kontseptualizatsiia [Comparative jurisprudence in the system of legal sciences: Problems of methodology]. Kyiv: Lohos, 680 p. [in Ukrainian]
Krestovska, N. M. (2011). Apolohiia deskryptyvnoho metodu [Apology of the descriptive method]. Abstract of Papers. '11. Kyiv-Simferopol: “Dolia”, 620 p. [in Ukrainian]
Kryvchyk, H. H. (2017). Osnovni zahalnonaukovi metody doslidzhennia v istorychnykh naukakh [Basic general scientific research methods in the historical sciences]. Naukovo-istorychnyi almanakh, 12, 55–61. [in Ukrainian]
Kudin, S. V. (2019). Porivnialna istoriia prava: vitchyzniana tradytsiia kontseptualizatsii [Comparative history of law: the domestic tradition of conceptualization. Monograph]. Vinnytsia: TOV “TVORY”, 544 p. [in Ukrainian]
Kyrychenko, V. S. (2011). Intehratyvnyi pidkhid pry vyznachenni metodolohii istoryko-pravovoho doslidzhennia [Integrative approach in determining the methodology of historical and legal research]. Abstract of Papers. '11. Kyiv-Simferopol: “Dolia”, 620 p. [in Ukrainian]
Lukych, R. (1981). Metodolohyia prava [Methodology of law]. Moskva: Prohress. 304 p. [in Russian]
Luts, L. A. (2011). Typologies of Modern Legal Systems of the world. Foundations of Comparative Law: methods and typologies. London: Wildy, Simmonds & Hill Publishing, 354 p. [in English]
Luts, L. A., Nastasiak, I. Y., Karmazina, C. Y. & Kovbasiuk, S. V. (2021). Prospects for the development of modern interstate legal systems in the context of globalization challenges. Amazonia Investiga, 10, 233‒243. Doi: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.40.04.23. [in English]
Luts, L., Zozulia, I., Zozulia, O., Melnychuk, S., Kromivets, T. & Karmazina, C. (2020). Protection of the Rightto Information onOne's Health byAuthorized State Bodses. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11, 803‒806. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.10.120). [in English]
Malakhov, V. P. (2012). Metodologycheskye i mirovozzrencheskie problem sovremennoi yuridicheskoi teorii [Methodological and ideological problems of modern legal theory]. Moskva: YuNYTY-DANA, 431 p. [in Russian]
Manu Kumar. (2013). Historical method in Research. URL: https://www Slideshare.net/manukumarkm /historicalmethod-inresearch. [in English]
Monolatii, I. (2020). “Chorni lebedi” Ukrainskoi revoliutsii: (ne)imovirni vypadky zakhidnoukrainskoi derzhavnosti [“Black Swans” of the Ukrainian Revolution: (un)moving downfalls of Western Ukrainian statehood]. Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal, 6, 120–138. [in Ukrainian]
Nastasiak, I. Yu. (2015). Spivvidnoshennia poniattia “typolohizatsiia” iz sumizhnymy poniattiamy [Correlation of the concept of “typology” with related concepts]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia yurydychna, 61, 37–44. [in Ukrainian]
Ogneviuk, V. & Andryeyeva, S. (2021). Borys Hrinchenko’s Views: the Ukrainian National Revolution in the Middle of the XVIIth Century in the Coverage of the Intellectual. Skhidnoievropeiskyi istorychnyi visnyk ‒ East European Historical Bulletin, 21, 68–77. Doi: https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.21.246917/ [in English]
Shemshuchenko, Yu. S. (Ed). (2006). Porivnialne pravoznavstvo u systemi yurydychnykh nauk: Problemy metodolohii [Comparative jurisprudence in the system of legal sciences: Problems of methodology]. Kyiv: Yurydychna dumka. 256 p. [in Ukrainian]
Shevchenko, O. M. (2003). Istorychnyi metod piznannia prava (do metodolohii piznannia) [Historical method of knowledge of law (to the methodology of knowledge)]. Kyiv: YurinkomInter. [in Ukrainian]
Slovnyku krainskoi movy. (1970‒1980) [Glossary of Ukrainian language]. (Vols. 1‒10). Kyiv: Naukovadumka. [in Ukrainian]
Stelmakh, S. P. (2005). Istorychna nauka [Historical science]. Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy. (Vol. 3. pp. 562–566). Kyiv: Naukovadumka. [in Ukrainian]
Stelmakh, S. P. (2009). Metodolohiia istorii, metodolohiia istorychnoi nauky [Methodology of history, methodology of historical science]. Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy. (Vol. 6. pp. 621–627). Kyiv: Naukova dumka. [in Ukrainian]
Tyshchyk, B. Y. (2017). Istoriia derzhavy i prava zarubizhnykh krainyak vazhlyva skladova vyshchoi yurydychnoi osvity Ukrainy [History of the state and law of foreign countries as an important component of higher legal education in Ukraine]. Abstract of Papers. '17. Aktualni problemy vykladannia istoryko-pravovykh dystsyplin v systemi vyshchoi yurydychnoi osvity Ukrainy ta zarubizhnykh krain. (pp. 15–20). Lviv. [in Ukrainian]
Veber, M. (1998). Sotsiolohiia. Zahalnoistorychni analizy. Polityka [Sociology. Global-historical analyzes. Politics]. Per. z nim. Oleksandr Pohorilyi. Kyiv: Osnovy, 534 p. [in Ukrainian]
Yakovenko, N. M. (2000). Pro metodolohiiu doslidzhen serednovichnoi i rannomodernoi istorii Ukrainy [On the methodology of research of medieval and early modern history of Ukraine]. Naukovi pratsi istorychnoho fakultetu Zaporizkoho derzhavnoho universytetu. URL: https://shron1.chtyvo.org.ua/Yakovenko_Natalia/Pro_metodolohiiu_doslidzhen_serednovichnoi_i_rannomodernoi_istorii_Ukrainy.pdf. [in Ukrainian]
Zashkilniak, L. P. (1999) Metodolohiia istorii: vid davnyny do suchasnosti [Methodology of history: from antiquity to modernity]. Lviv: LNU im. I. Franka. 228 p. [in Ukrainian]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
