DMYTRO STOLYPIN’S SOCIAL EXPERIMENT REPERCUSSIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL REFORM OF 1906 – 1917
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.19.233837Abstract
The purpose of the research is to study Dmytro Stolypin’s social experiment repercussions in the agrarian reform of 1906 – 1917 through the family’s vision retrospective concerning the peasant issue’s essence in the Russian Empire at the second half of the XIXth – at the beginning of the XXth century. The Methodology of the Research. The key to understanding the publication’s subject essence could be found in the plane of the postmodern methodology. Due to the use of the principles of objectivity, multifactorialism, historicism, as well as historical genetic, problem chronological, historical and biographical, retrospective, prosopographic methods and content analysis, the goal was achieved. The scientific novelty. The D. A. Stolypin’s experiment is considered not only as one of the domestic sociological science’s sprouts, but also the family practice, which influenced P. A. Stolypin’s worldview formation, as a microsocial process from the steps of the “problem statement” and the “revolution in consciousness” that preceded the agrarian reform break out in 1906 – 1917. The Conclusions. The social experiment took place in 1874 – 1893 near the village of Mordvynivka, Berdyansk district (povit), Tavriya huberniya (province) and covered 214 people. Its purpose was to create the rental farms in order to increase D. A. Stolypin’s estate profitability and to popularize among the local peasantry of the leading at that time the intensive forms of the local management.
D. A.Stolypin, Comte’s student and follower, the experiment was an empirical proof of the correctness concerning the views on the peasant issue’s essence. It became the basis of a report proclaimed in March 1882 in the Moscow Imperial Society of Agriculture. The latter contained proposals for the relaxation and further abolition of ransom payments for the peasants, the introduction of private ownership of communal land, the land management, and stimulating the growth of the peasant land ownership. The comparison with the agrarian legislation of 1905 – 1911 allowed to reveal a number of similar features.
Key words: social experiment, khutir, peasantry, community, sociologist, agrarian reform.
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