THE SITUATION OF THE JEWISH MINORITY DURING THE RUSSIAN OCCUPATION OF EASTERN GALICIA IN 1914 – 1915.

Authors

  • Andrii SHCHEHLOV PhD (History), Army Scientific Center Leading Researcher, Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6484-0864
  • Oleksandra MELNYK PhD (Economics), Docent of the Department of Humanities, Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.18.226532

Abstract

The purpose of the article – to analyze the situation, the state of affairs of the Jewish population of Eastern Galicia during World War I from August of 1914 till June of 1915. The methodology of the research: adherence to the principles of objectivity and historicism contributed to the elucidation of the preconditions, essence and consequences of the Russian administration activities during the occupation period concerning the Jewish community of Eastern Galicia. The scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive problem coverage of the civilian administration and military command attitude to the local population and national minorities; in the analysis of socio-political and economic processes on the eve and during the years of the Russian occupation administration, which has not been the subject of a special historical study. The attempt has been made to recreate the picture of political changes in the structure of Galician multinational society, where a social category emerged – the refugees. New archival materials have been introduced into scientific circulation, which allowed to generalize the situation of the Jewish community of Galicia during World War I. The Conclusions. The occupation of the Galician region by the Russian troops was accompanied by a violent policy against the local population and national minorities of the region. The government's inaction led to mass looting and military violence against the Jews. Russia's anti-Jewish policy on the South-Western Front had a negative effect on the country's international image, creating additional obstacles for the country to obtain foreign loans. The policy of persecution of the Jewish population by the state led to the confrontation in the society, the creation of stereotypes ingrained in the public consciousness, where the Jews acted as enemies, traitors, moneylenders, speculators, who were accused of all internal and military miscalculations of the Empire.

Key words: Jewish minority, occupation, Eastern Galicia, the Russian Empire, World War I.

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Published

2021-03-30

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