UKRAINIAN SCHOOLING BEFORE WORLD WAR I (BASED ON THE “DILO” MAGAZINE)

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of the Ukrainian schooling before World War I according to the magazine “Dilo” (1910 – 1914). The methodology of the research is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism, as well as general and special historical methods, which helped to reveal the importance of the national education in the struggle for the Ukrainian university and national schooling in pre-war Galicia (Halychyna). The scientific novelty is that for the first time an attempt has been made to highlight the Ukrainians’ education system state before World War I, as the crucial factor in the cultural development of the Ukrainian ethnic group in the region, which contributed to the Ukrainians’ national self-assertion in the struggle for the political rights. The Conclusions. The Ukrainian schooling issue was the part of the National Liberation Movement in western Ukraine in Austria-Hungary before World War I outbreak. In general, the Ukrainian component of the educational process in Galicia was characterized by the authorities' neglect of the Ukrainian language rights, which became one of the fundamental processes of the Polonization policy pursued by the local administrative apparatus. This approach manifested itself in schooling – the local officials made every effort to circumvent the current legislation and oppose the Ukrainian primary education system to the Polish one. The Ukrainians’ complicated condition was facilitated by the fact that the Utraquism was forced in secondary school and the struggle against the possibility of opening a Ukrainian university complemented the difficult picture for the Ukrainians, which was provided by the private educational institutions' establishment became the partial way out of the above-mentioned problem.