CHYHYRYN – “HISTORICAL CITY” IN THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF UKRAINE

Oksana  SALATA; Vitalii  SHCHERBAK

doi:10.24919/2519-058X.39.364993

Authors

Oksana SALATA PhD hab. (History), Professor, Head of the Department of historical and civic education, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-1483
Vitalii SHCHERBAK PhD hab. (History), Professor, Professor of the Department of Ukraines History, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8025-5684

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.39.364993

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to elucidate the history of the city of Chyhyryn as a space of “a historical city” and an object of national cultural heritage. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and special historical research methods, including problem-chronological, comparative historical, and functional method. The scientific novelty consists in the elucidation of a historical heritage of Chyhyryn – one of the objects of the cultural and historical heritage of Ukraine as a unique socio-cultural phenomenon. Conclusions. The historical and cultural heritage of Chyhyryn is a valuable treasury of the Ukrainian people. The city rightfully belongs to the category of “historical city”, in which important foundations of the Ukrainian past were created. Having arisen on the southern border, Chyhyryn for a long time represented the basis of the defensive shield of the region. In the middle of the 17th century the Cossacks chose it as the capital of the Zaporozhian Army – the Ukrainian state of the early modern era. Chyhyryn played an important role in the process of establishing the self-awareness of the ethnic group. The architectural complex of the city, which was formed over the centuries above the Tiasmyn River under Zamkova Hora, is unique. In the 19th century, the imperial authorities transformed Chyhyryn into an ordinary county town. However, it was the town which became the centre of the revival of the Free Cossacks during the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921. Today, the city’s significant cultural potential clearly requires further development to popularize the multifaceted national cultural heritage. A promising study is the comparison of the architecture and planning of Chyhyryn with other Ukrainian cities of the Cossack era, the influence of historical European urban models on them. The transformation of domestic cities under the conditions of the Russian Empire also remains poorly studied.

Key words: “historical city”, architectural complex of the city, cultural heritage, historical monuments, historical and cultural potential.

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