TECHNOLOGY OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF ILLEGAL MIGRATION ON “THE ZBRUCH BORDER” (1921 – 1939)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.38.354884Abstract
The purpose of the research is to make an attempt regarding the historical and statistical analysis of the phenomenon on illegal migration in “the Zbruch section” (within Tarnopol Voivodeship, the Republic of Poland) of the Polish-Soviet border in 1921 – 1939. Methodology of the Research. The author applied historical typological, statistical, comparative and systematic methods in order to highlight the main features of the collective image of an illegal migrant or smuggler on the Polish-Soviet border. The scientific novelty of the research is that, based on the modern development of historiography and the involvement of a wide range of the archival sources, the known cases of the illegal migration have been classified according to social, political, national, territorial and inclusive criteria. Due to the specific criteria identification, it was possible to better determine the causes and consequences of the phenomenon of the illegal migration on “the Zbruch section” of the Polish-Soviet border in 1921 – 1939. Owing to the application of several classification criteria, it was feasible to determine that the illegal migrants (refugees) were the representatives of diverse nationalities (the largest percentage were the Ukrainians, the Jews and the Poles), the people of excellent territorial origin and social status, religion and in different age categories on “the Zbruch section” of the Polish-Soviet border in 1921 – 1939. The interdependence of this classification with current political and economic phenomena in the USSR has been visible: during the period of collectivization and the Holodomor of 1932 – 1933, the vast majority of the refugees were peasants; when the protracted struggle against the church began, priests began to appear more often among the refugees. Conclusions. Taking into consideration such diversity among illegal migrants, the following could be stated: the massiveness of the studied phenomenon, social diversity among refugees, its importance as an integral part of the reality of the interwar period, and outline further prospects for the study on violations of the Polish-Soviet border regime.
Key words: refugees, “Zbruch border”, Republic of Poland, USSR, Holodomor of 1932 – 1933, smuggling, illegal migration.
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