UKRAINIAN EDUCATION IN THE POLITICAL CONCEPT AND PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES OF MYKOLA MIKHNOVSKY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2519-058X.29.292943Abstract
The purpose of the research is to analyse the place of the educational factor in the political concept and practical activity of Mykola Mikhnovsky, who at the beginning of the 20th century initiated an independent trend in Trans-Dnieper Ukraine. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism and the psychological approach, which allow analysing the connection between the language issue and national identity. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the education system in the Russian Empire as a means of assimilation of the Ukrainian population into the Russian ethnos. It has been determined that opposition to the assimilationist policy became a means of consolidating the Ukrainians in their struggle for the Ukrainian identity, formation of a modern European nation, and revival of an independent Ukrainian state. The Conclusion. M. Mikhnovsky concluded that the national liberation of Ukraine was impossible without a radical political and socio-cultural break with Russia. One of the most important means of achieving this goal was an effective system creation of the Ukrainian public education. It was education that was to become a powerful factor in the transformation of the Ukrainians into a modern nation capable of the Ukrainian independent building. A century of searches and bloody tragedies had passed before the Ukrainian society realized that the future of Ukraine is impossible without its radical de-Russification, decolonization, socio-cultural distancing from Russia and civilizational reorientation towards Europe. Today, the format of cultural and educational relations between Ukraine and Russia, which was proposed by M. Mikhnovsky, turned out to be quite appropriate. The “window of opportunity” for this opened during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, which began in February of 2022.
Key words: independence, autonomy, assimilation, Russification, national school, Ukrainization, nation building, Ukrainian revolution.
References
Derzhavnyi arkhiv Krasnodarskoho Kraiu Rosiiskoi Federatsii [State Archive of Krasnodar region of Russian Ferderation – SAKRRF]
Hrinchenko, B., & Drahomanov, M. (1994). Dialohy pro ukrainsku natsionalnu spravu [Dialogues about the Ukrainian National Cause]. Kyiv: In-t ukrainskoi arkheohrafii. [in Ukrainian]
Hrytsak, Ya. Y. (2011). Ukrainska revoliutsiia 1914–1923: novi interpretatsii [Ukrainian Revolution 1914–1923: New Interpretations]. Hrytsak Ya. Y. Strasti za natsionalizmom: stara istoriia na novyi lad: esei – The Passions of Nationalism: An Old Story Made New: Essays, (pp. 46–66). Kyiv: Krytyka. [in Ukrainian]
Ihnatenko, N., Moskaliuk, M. & Kostiuk, L. (2022). Istoryko-retrospektyvnyi analiz derzhavnoi osvitnoi polityky v Ukraini (1991–2020 rr.) [Historical and Retrospective Analysis of State Educational Policy in Ukraine (1991 – 2020)]. Ukrainskyi istorichnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian historical journal, (2), 203–215. doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2022.02.203 [in Ukrainian]
Kolesnyk, V., & Cheberiako, O. (2022). Ukrainski partii v Rosiiskii imperii na pochatku KhKh st.: radianska istoriohrafiia 1920-kh rr. [Ukrainian Parties in the Russian Empire in the Early Twentieth Century: Soviet Historiography of the 1920s]. Ukrainskyi istorichnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian historical journal, (2), 128–138. doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2022.02.128 [in Ukrainian]
Lystivka. (2015). Lystivka z pryvodu vybukhu bilia pamiatnyka Pushkinu v Kharkovi 31 zhovtnia 1904 r. [A postcard about the explosion near the Pushkin monument in Kharkiv on October 31, 1904]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (pp. 309–310). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Marchenko, I. (2012). Koreni moho natsionalno-patriotychnoho samovyznachennia [The roots of my national and patriotic self-determination]. Kyiv: Ukrainska vydavnycha spilka im. Yu. Lypy. [in Ukrainian]
Mikhnovskyi, M. (2015a). Samostiina Ukraina [Independent Ukraine]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (pp. 165–174). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Mikhnovskyi, M. (2015b). Suspilno-politychni tvory [Socio-political works]. I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko, Eds. Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Profession de foi molodykh ukraintsiv. (1983). Profession de foi molodykh ukraintsiv. Symvol viry dlia molodykh ukraintsiv [Profession de foi young Ukrainians. A symbol of faith for young Ukrainians]. (1983). In T. Hunchak & R. Solchanyk (Eds.), Ukrainska suspilno-politychna dumka v 20 stolitti [Ukrainian Social and Political Thought in the 20th Century], (pp. 19–15). Kyiv: Suchasnist. [in Ukrainian]
Prohrama. (2015). Prohrama Ukrainskoi narodnoi partii [Program of the Ukrainian People's Party]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (pp. 263–279). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Pyrih, R. (2023). The Hetmanate of Pavlo Skoropadskyi: the Little Russian Complex of the Ruling Elite. Ukrainskyi istorichnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian historical journal, (4), 59–84. doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2023.04.059
Slobozhanshchyna. (1906). Slobozhanshchyna [Slobozhanshchyna. Kharkiv newspaper]. [in Ukrainian]
Snip. (1912). Snip [Sheaf. Kharkiv newspaper]. [in Ukrainian]
Sprava. (2015). Sprava ukrainskoi intelihentsii v prohrami UNP [The case of the Ukrainian intelligentsia in the program of the Ukrainian People's Party]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (p. 260). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Sytnyk, J., & Sytnyk, O. (2020). Revival of a language national consciousness of the ukrainians of donetsk region under conditions of “perestroika” and during the first years of independent Ukraine. Skhidnoievropeiskyi istorychnyi visnyk – East European Historical Bulletin, (15), 196–207. [in English]
Terno, S. O., & Turchenko, H. F. (2022). Boi za Ukrainu v shkilnomu kursi istorii v konteksti peredumov suchasnoi rosiisko-ukrainskoi viiny [Battles for Ukraine in the school history course in the context of the prerequisites of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war]. In Transformatsii istorychnoi pamiati, (pp. 148–153). Donetskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Vasylia Stusa. https://hist.donnu.edu.ua/iii-mizhnarodna-naukovo-praktychna-konferencziya-transformacziyi-istorychnoyi-pamyati/ [in Ukrainian]
Turchenko, F. (2020). Mykola Mikhnovskyi: “Odna, yedyna, nerozdilna, vilna, samostiina Ukraina ...” [Mykola Mikhnovskyi: “One, unified, indivisible, free, independent Ukraine …”]. Kyiv: Vydavnytstvo Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian]
Vidozva. (2015). Vidozva Ukrainskoi narodnoi partii z pryvodu rosiisko-yaponskoi viiny [Appeal of the Ukrainian People's Party regarding the Russo-Japanese War]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (p. 293). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
X zapovidiv UNP. (2015). X zapovidiv UNP [Ten Commandments of the Ukrainian People's Party]. In I. Hyrych, O. Protsenko, & F. Turchenko (Eds.), Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Suspilno-politychni tvory [Mykola Mikhnovskyi. Socio-political works], (p. 212). Kyiv: Smoloskyp. [in Ukrainian]
Z lystiv. (1978). Z lystiv suchasnykiv pro Mykolu Mikhnovskoho (Z kоlektsii Z. Knysha) [From the letters of contemporaries about Mykola Mikhnovsky]. In Kalendar-almanakh “Novoho shliakhu”, (pp. 69). Winnipeg: New Pathway Publishers Limited. [in Ukrainian]
Тurchenko, F. (2023). Mykola Mikhnovskyi: uroky dlia nashchadkiv [Mykola Mikhnovskyi: Lessons for Posterity]. Ukrainskyi istorichnyi zhurnal – Ukrainian historical journal, (4), 85–97. doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/uhj2023.04.085 [in Ukrainian]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
